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Environment

Alongside digitalization, climate change is the megatrend of our time. Our economy is still largely dependent on fossil energies. How must the economy be shaped so that it is in harmony with the environment? What does an economically efficient and socially acceptable climate policy look like? How can energy needs be met more and more from renewable sources? Can the transformation to a circular economy succeed? These and other questions are addressed by the Environment Energy Infrastructure competence area at the Institute of German Business.

About the topic

In 2015, Germany and the EU set themselves ambitious goals by signing the UN Sustainable Development Goals or SDGs. Important levers for greater sustainability exist, for example, in transport, the building sector and industry. The EU also has big plans when it comes to climate protection: The Green Deal is intended to pave the way to a climate-neutral future. The money for this - one trillion euros - is to be raised via a fund and come from private investors.

German Economic Institute (IW) German Economic Institute (IW)

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Critical Raw Materials: Corporate Exposure, Supply Risks and Adaptation Strategies
IW-Trends No. 2 6. August 2026 Adriana Neligan et al.

Critical Raw Materials: Corporate Exposure, Supply Risks and Adaptation Strategies

Critical raw materials are vital inputs for key technologies and thus for industrial competitiveness.

Adriana Neligan / Cornelius Bähr / Hubertus Bardt / Edgar Schmitz IW

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CO2 Regulation of Road Transport in Europe
Expertise 23. February 2026 Thomas Puls

Compendium 5.7: CO2 Regulation of Road Transport in Europe

With the Compendium CO2 Regulation in Europe, the IW has been providing the interested public with a comprehensive collection of data on the development of CO2 emissions from passenger car traffic in the European Union, as well as on the applicable regulatory framework, since 2015.

Thomas Puls IW

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circular economy in North Rhine-Westphalia
IW-Policy Paper No. 2 21. January 2026 Sarah Lichtenthäler / Adriana Neligan

From aspiration to implementation: circular economy in North Rhine-Westphalia

The state government of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) is currently developing a circular economy strategy at the state level.

Sarah Lichtenthäler / Adriana Neligan IW

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How much Does the State of Transport Infrastructure Affect Businesses in Germany?
IW-Trends No. 3 23. October 2025 Thomas Puls / Edgar Schmitz

How much Does the State of Transport Infrastructure Affect Businesses in Germany?

For the fourth time, the German Economic Institute has surveyed companies in Germany to determine whether they are regularly affected by infrastructure deficiencies in their general business activities and, if so, which infrastructure networks are the source of these problems.

Thomas Puls / Edgar Schmitz IW

Our Experts

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Andreas Fischer

Andreas Fischer

Senior Economist for Energy and Climate Policy

Tel: +49 221 4981-402
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Adriana Neligan

Dr. Adriana Neligan

Senior Economist for Environment, Circular Economy and Sustainability

Tel: +49 30 27877-128 Adriana Neligan @a_neligan
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Thomas Puls

Thomas Puls

Senior Economist for Transport and Infrastructure

Tel: +49 221 4981-766
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Thilo Schaefer

Dr. Thilo Schaefer

Head of Digitalisation and Climate Action Research Unit

Tel: +49 221 4981-791 Thilo Schaefer
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Event 14. October 2026 Alexander Radunz

Expert Workshop on the Industrial Accelerator Act

The German Economic Institute (IW) and Frontier Economics are pleased to invite you to a rapporteur & stakeholder workshop on the Industrial Accelerator Act (IAA) in Brussels.

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The Honesty-Attitude-Behavior Gap: A Cross-Country Comparison
IW-Trends No. 3 29. September 2026

The Honesty-Attitude-Behavior Gap: A Cross-Country Comparison

Dominik Enste / Jennifer Potthoff / Augustin Renz

Honesty reduces transaction costs and is therefore a prerequisite for effective economic cooperation.

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Event 28. September 2026 Sandra Parthie / Alexander Radunz

Online-Veranstaltungsreihe „Von Brüssel nach Berlin”: Regionalentwicklung und Industriepolitik

Wir laden Sie herzlich zu einer weiteren Online-Veranstaltung unserer Veranstaltungsreihe „Von Brüssel nach Berlin“ ein. Mit ihr wollen wir in loser Folge Themen aus der europäischen in die deutsche Hauptstadt tragen.

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Complementary Capabilities for Circular Practices: Firm-Level Evidence in Germany on the Role of Digitalization and Innovation
External Publication 16. September 2026

Complementary Capabilities for Circular Practices: Firm-Level Evidence in Germany on the Role of Digitalization and Innovation

Sarah Lichtenthäler / Adriana Neligan in Journal of Circular Economy

The transition to a circular economy (CE) requires firms to reconfigure business models, processes and capabilities.

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Making Apprenticeships a Success: From Marketing to Hiring
IW-Report No. 38 11. September 2026

Making Apprenticeships a Success: From Marketing to Hiring

Paula Risius / Dirk Werner / Philip Herzer / Fritz Orange / Regina Flake / Franziska Arndt / Yasin Küçükyavuz / Edgar Schmitz

In-company vocational training is a key factor in securing skilled labour. The first step in investing in future employees is to approach and recruit new apprentices. For many companies, filling the apprenticeship positions they offer is a challenge.

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Transatlantic Subnational Innovation Competitiveness Index 3.0
Expertise 11. September 2026

Transatlantic Subnational Innovation Competitiveness Index 3.0

Axel Plünnecke et al

Innovation and competitiveness drive productivity, economic growth, and welfare growth.

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GTIPA Perspectives: Making AI Policy to Drive Innovation
External Publication 9. September 2026

GTIPA Perspectives: Making AI Policy to Drive Innovation

Vera Demary

Germany’s federal structure leads to a diverse landscape of AI policies across the country. While the EU AI Act establishes a general framework for AI policy throughout the continent, Germany’s federal government is responsible for national AI policies.

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AI skills demand in the EU
Expertise 8. September 2026

AI skills demand in the EU

Jan Büchel / Jan Engler / Armin Mertens

More and more companies in Europe are using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. In 2025, one in five companies in the EU with 10 employees or more used at least one major AI technology, up from 8% in 2023 (Eurostat, 2026a).

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Letter: Expanded EU carbon border tax is not a reaction to US tariffs
Contribution 31. August 2026 Samina Sultan in the Financial Times

Letter: Expanded EU carbon border tax is not a reaction to US tariffs

In his op-ed (August 12) Andrew Puzder, the US ambassador to the EU, accused the EU of double standards. He argued that criticising US tariffs on steel and aluminium derivatives while simultaneously imposing Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism charges on the same products, is hypocritical.

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European Minimum Wage Directive and Strengthening Collective Bargaining Coverage
Expertise 25. August 2026

European Minimum Wage Directive and Strengthening Collective Bargaining Coverage

Hagen Lesch / Lennart Eckle / Sandra Vogel

The EU Minimum Wage Directive recommends that EU Member States achieve a collective bargaining coverage of 80 per cent to ensure adequate minimum wages.

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