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Real Estate

Around half of Germany's private assets are invested in real estate. The business with offices, houses and apartments has an impact on the economy as a whole. The real estate markets are also interesting for investors who are looking for safe investments in times of low interest rates.

About the topic

For many, building or buying their own home is the biggest investment of their lives. The need for information is correspondingly high. Many are asking themselves whether they should rather rent or buy and whether buying real estate in the big cities is still worthwhile. The Institute of the German Economy also closely examines the price development of real estate on the basis of various studies. For example, the IW Real Estate Index, the Home Ownership Report or the Student Housing Report regularly provide a detailed insight into various areas and aspects of the real estate market in Germany.

Housing policy is also analyzed in detail: Can instruments such as the rent brake or the rent cap achieve their intended goals? What are the side effects, and above all, are there better alternatives?

But real estate also plays a significant role in the fight against climate change. Buildings produce more than one-third of carbon dioxide emissions. Because modern houses require only a fraction of the energy of older buildings, energy-efficient renovation would make sense in many cases. But this costs money and only pays off after decades - possibly not in the lifetime of many investors, because more than half of German homeowners are over 60 years old. Politicians have recognized that owners need support.

German Economic Institute (IW) German Economic Institute (IW)

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Options for affordable new construction
Christian Oberst / Michael Voigtländer IW-Report No. 3 7. January 2024

Options for affordable new construction

Due to the mix of higher interest rates and increased construction costs, new residential construction in Germany is in a very difficult situation.

IW

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Aufnahme eines älteren Mannes, der ein digitales Tablet benutzt, während seine Frau zu Hause eine Zeitung liest
Philipp Deschermeier IW-Trends No. 2 14. August 2023

Housing for the Elderly

Many older people share the desire to be able to live independently in the familiar surroundings of their own home for as long as possible. Accidents and illness, however, can soon put an end to such autonomy.

IW

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Financialization in 13 cities – an international comparative report
Christine Whitehead / Kath Scanlon / Michael Voigtländer / Jacob Karlsson / Fanny Blanc / Martina Rotolo Expertise 3. July 2023

Financialization in 13 cities – an international comparative report

Over the last 20 years, financialization of the housing market has become a topic of increasing public and political concern, especially in high-demand cities. It has also become an important element in academic discussion.

IW

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Rental price development for commercial real estate
Christian Oberst / Michael Voigtländer IW-Report No. 21 2. April 2023

Rental price development for commercial real estate

The commercial real estate markets are facing major challenges in view of the economic situation but also in view of structural upheavals. Against this background, this report examines the rental price development for retail and office properties.

IW

Our Experts

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Christian Oberst

Dr. Christian Oberst

Senior Economist for Housing Policy and Real Estate Economics

Tel: +49 221 4981-889 Christian Oberst @17ChOb
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Pekka Sagner

Pekka Sagner

Economist for Housing Policy and Real Estate Economics

Tel: +49 221 4981-881
View profile
Michael Voigtländer

Prof. Dr. Michael Voigtländer

Head of International Economic Policy, Financial and Real Estate Markets Research Unit

Tel: +49 221 4981-741 Michael Voigtländer @mvoigtlaender
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Options for affordable new construction
IW-Report No. 3 7. January 2024

Options for affordable new construction

Christian Oberst / Michael Voigtländer

Due to the mix of higher interest rates and increased construction costs, new residential construction in Germany is in a very difficult situation.

IW

Read study
Housing for the Elderly – an Underestimated Challenge for Policymakers and Society
IW-Trends No. 2 14. August 2023

Housing for the Elderly

Philipp Deschermeier

Many older people share the desire to be able to live independently in the familiar surroundings of their own home for as long as possible. Accidents and illness, however, can soon put an end to such autonomy.

IW

Read study
Financialization in 13 cities – an international comparative report
Expertise 3. July 2023

Financialization in 13 cities – an international comparative report

Christine Whitehead / Kath Scanlon / Michael Voigtländer / Jacob Karlsson / Fanny Blanc / Martina Rotolo

Over the last 20 years, financialization of the housing market has become a topic of increasing public and political concern, especially in high-demand cities. It has also become an important element in academic discussion.

IW

Read study
Rental price development for commercial real estate
IW-Report No. 21 2. April 2023

Rental price development for commercial real estate

Christian Oberst / Michael Voigtländer

The commercial real estate markets are facing major challenges in view of the economic situation but also in view of structural upheavals. Against this background, this report examines the rental price development for retail and office properties.

IW

Read study
External Publication
Supply side effects of the Berlin rent freeze
External Publication 6. May 2022

Supply side effects of the Berlin rent freeze

Pekka Sagner / Michael Voigtländer in International Journal of Housing Policy

On 23 February 2020, the Berlin Senate introduced the Berlin rent freeze (‘Mietendeckel’). The law was repealed on 25 March 2021. The Berlin rent freeze was an unprecedented market intervention in the German housing market.

IW

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