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Simulation calculations for the debt ratio
  • Martin Beznoska / Tobias Hentze / Michael Hüther ·
  • IW-Policy Paper No. 7 ·
  • 13 April 2021

On the handling of the Corona Debt: Simulation calculations for the debt ratio

During the pandemic, the German government's debt level is expected to grow to EUR 2.7 trillion in 2022. The debt ratio will peak at 75 percent by the end of this year. Of the 650 billion additional national debt during the Corona crisis, around 480 billion euros can be classified as Corona-related.

  • Martin Beznoska / Tobias Hentze / Michael Hüther ·
  • IW-Policy Paper No. 7 ·
  • 13 April 2021

Simulation calculations for the debt ratio

During the pandemic, the German government's debt level is expected to grow to EUR 2.7 trillion in 2022. The debt ratio will peak at 75 percent by the end of this year. Of the 650 billion additional national debt during the Corona crisis, around 480 billion euros can be classified as Corona-related.

studies

Low for Long or Higher for Longer?
  • Markus Demary / Michael Hüther ·
  • IW-Report No. 12 ·
  • 8 April 2021

Global Inflation: Low for Long or Higher for Longer?

Inflation has started to increase, and the return of inflation comes at a time in which economies begin to recover from pandemic-induced and lockdown-induced recessions. This raises questions about how much and how long inflation will go up as well as about whether central banks have to step-up against inflation at the cost of slowing down the economic recovery. Has “low for long” turned into “higher for longer”?

Possible developments in the supply of skilled workers up to the year 2040
  • Wido Geis-Thöne ·
  • IW-Report No. 11 ·
  • 7 April 2021

Possible developments in the supply of skilled workers up to the year 2040

The German labour market is on the verge of a fundamental upheaval. While the number of people in the labour force has risen steadily in recent decades, it is likely to drop significantly as soon as the baby boomers retire.

The Radical Right in the European Parliament
  • Matthias Diermeier / Hannah Frohwein / Aljoscha Nau in LSE'Europe in Question' Discussion Paper Series ·
  • External Publication ·
  • 1 April 2021

One for one and none for all: The Radical Right in the European Parliament

The radical right in Europe seemed to be on an unprecedented rise. In the run-up to the European Parliament elections in 2019, a newly founded ‘super-faction’ profoundly scared established politicians.

Competitive pressure and market distortions by China
  • Jürgen Matthes ·
  • IW-Report No. 10 ·
  • 30 March 2021

Competitive pressure and market distortions by China

The combination of China's size, the increasing competitive pressure from China, its rapid technological catch-up and the competitive distortions of state capitalism could threaten prosperity in Germany. Therefore, it is important to assess the extent of competitive pressure and distortions caused by China's state subsidies.

Pandemic Sends a Divided Economy on a Rollercoaster Ride
  • IW-Forschungsgruppe Gesamtwirtschaftliche Analysen und Konjunktur ·
  • IW-Trends No. 1 ·
  • 24 March 2021

IW Economic Forecast Spring 2021: Pandemic Sends a Divided Economy on a Rollercoaster Ride

The German economy is divided on both the supply and demand sides. Consumption and parts of the service economy are again experiencing sharp falls while exports and some industrial sectors are benefiting from a worldwide economic recovery.

Results of the 10th IW Survey of Further Training
  • Susanne Seyda ·
  • IW-Trends No. 1 ·
  • 24 March 2021

Digital Learning Media Boost Continuing Vocational Training in Enterprises

Digitalisation is leading to an increasing need for training. Companies which have already achieved a higher level of digitalisation see a greater need for further training than their less digitalised peers and are investing correspondingly more time and money in training their workforce.

Motivation, Design and Economic Implications of a CO2 Limit Offset in the EU
  • Galina Kolev / Roland Kube / Thilo Schaefer/ Leon Stolle ·
  • IW-Policy Paper No. 6 ·
  • 23 March 2021

Motivation, Design and Economic Implications of a CO2 Limit Offset in the EU

The European Green Deal stipulates an increase in the emissions reduction target for 2030 from 40 to 55 percent compared with the base year 1990. This also requires the ramp-up of extensive technology investments for a decarbonization pathway for industry, which tends to entail higher abatement costs.

studies

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The German Economic Institute (IW) is a private economic research institute in Germany, which is an advocate of a liberal economic and social order. We work to improve understanding of how business and society function and interact.