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External Publication 8. June 2022 Michael Hüther / Judith Niehues Perception and Reality: Inequality and Unemployment in Germany

Data for the time before the corona pandemic reveal a largely positive picture of the economic and social development in Germany. Most individuals perceived their own situation as very positive, but their views on society are rather pessimistic and overly critical.

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External Publication
Inequality and Unemployment in Germany
External Publication 8. June 2022 Michael Hüther / Judith Niehues

Perception and Reality: Inequality and Unemployment in Germany

Michael Hüther / Judith Niehues German Economic Institute (IW) German Economic Institute (IW)

Data for the time before the corona pandemic reveal a largely positive picture of the economic and social development in Germany. Most individuals perceived their own situation as very positive, but their views on society are rather pessimistic and overly critical.

Contrasting abstract redistributive preferences with prevailing norms of justice reveals further inconsistencies. Thus, it is increasingly unlikely that policymakers can adequately address the concerns and wishes of the population. The pronounced discrepancy between empirical findings on distributional aspects and citizens’ perceptions constitutes a veritable problem for democratic processes. That is because this discrepancy is the basis for mistrust between citizens (principals) and politics (agents). Therefore, it becomes increasingly important that politicians explain the logic of their actions in an understandable way. An important prerequisite for more communicable politics is a comprehensive infrastructure for research data that enables politicians, the media, and the public to make valid assessments.

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External Publication
Inequality and Unemployment in Germany
External Publication 8. June 2022 Michael Hüther / Judith Niehues

Perception and Reality: Inequality and Unemployment in Germany

Michael Hüther / Judith Niehues German Economic Institute (IW) German Economic Institute (IW)

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Woman, more than 60 years old, combing the hair of a senior woman in her nineties with a brush, the old woman enjoys the care she is getting from the younger woman
IW-Trends No. 4 3. December 2025 Maximilian Stockhausen

Gainful Employment and Caregiving: Reconciling Formal Employment with Caring for a Relative

German society is ageing, and more and more of those in paid employment are having to combine their jobs with caring for a relative. Of the approximately 5.7 million family caregivers in Germany in 2022, almost three quarters were under 66 and thus still of working age.

Maximilian Stockhausen IW

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IW-Report No. 59 17. November 2025 Ruth Maria Schüler et al.

Co-payments in inpatient care: An analysis of regional cost differences

This report is based on the evaluation of price data from a total of 10,820 full-time nursing homes in Germany which are provided on the ‘pflegelotse.de’ platform of the Association of Substitute Health Insurance Funds (vdek) and were collected at the beginning of October 2024 using a web scraping process.

Ruth Maria Schüler / Maximilian Stockhausen / Hendrik Böhmer / Jan Wendt IW

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