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External Publication 20. March 2023 Matthias Diermeier / Madeleine F. Fischer / Judith Niehues in SOEP papers Punching up or Punching down?: How Stereotyping the Rich and the Poor Impacts Redistributive Preferences in Germany

Redistribution and the welfare state have been linked by academic discourse to narratives that portray specific societal groups as ‘deserving’ or ‘undeserving’. The present analysis contributes to this scholarship in a twofold manner.

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External Publication
How Stereotyping the Rich and the Poor Impacts Redistributive Preferences in Germany
External Publication 20. March 2023 Matthias Diermeier / Madeleine F. Fischer / Judith Niehues in SOEP papers

Punching up or Punching down?: How Stereotyping the Rich and the Poor Impacts Redistributive Preferences in Germany

Matthias Diermeier / Madeleine F. Fischer / Judith Niehues in SOEP papers German Economic Institute (IW) German Economic Institute (IW)

Redistribution and the welfare state have been linked by academic discourse to narratives that portray specific societal groups as ‘deserving’ or ‘undeserving’. The present analysis contributes to this scholarship in a twofold manner.

First, it provides a holistic view on the beneficiaries and benefactors of welfare and asks how the public perception of the rich and the poor drives redistributive preferences. It is revealed that these beliefs, particularly about the ‘deserving’ poor, are significant determinants of strong redistributive preferences. Despite powerful prevailing prejudices about the rich, support for redistribution in Germany is not motivated by the urge to castigate this group for their affluence. Second, we are interested in the distribution of the different moralistic beliefs about the rich and the poor over socio-demographic characteristics. Regarding stereotypical beliefs about the poor, we quantify the phenomenon of ‘punching down’, performed by those immediately above the lowest income quintile. In fact, members of the second income quintile show levels of disdain similar to their wealthier counterparts on the other end of the income distribution. On the other hand, moralistic beliefs about the ‘deserving poor’ are equally held across different socio-economic levels. Implications and limitations of our findings are also discussed.

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External Publication
How Stereotyping the Rich and the Poor Impacts Redistributive Preferences in Germany

Matthias Diermeier / Madeleine F. Fischer / Judith Niehues in SOEP papers German Economic Institute (IW) German Economic Institute (IW)

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IW-Trends No. 4 3. December 2025 Maximilian Stockhausen

Gainful Employment and Caregiving: Reconciling Formal Employment with Caring for a Relative

German society is ageing, and more and more of those in paid employment are having to combine their jobs with caring for a relative. Of the approximately 5.7 million family caregivers in Germany in 2022, almost three quarters were under 66 and thus still of working age.

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IW-Report No. 59 17. November 2025 Ruth Maria Schüler et al.

Co-payments in inpatient care: An analysis of regional cost differences

This report is based on the evaluation of price data from a total of 10,820 full-time nursing homes in Germany which are provided on the ‘pflegelotse.de’ platform of the Association of Substitute Health Insurance Funds (vdek) and were collected at the beginning of October 2024 using a web scraping process.

Ruth Maria Schüler / Maximilian Stockhausen / Hendrik Böhmer / Jan Wendt IW

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