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Björn Kauder

Dr. Björn Kauder

Senior Economist for Financial Policy and Tax Policy

Tel: +49 221 4981-516
  • Studies in economics at the University of Bonn
  • Doctorate at the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich
  • 2007 to 2019 at the ifo Institute, Munich
  • Since 2019 at the IW
  • Lectureships at the Universities of Cologne and Konstanz
  • Research Interests: Public finance, public debt, fiscal federalism, social security, political economy

IW Publications

Busch, Berthold / Kauder, Björn / Sultan, Samina, 2023, Wohin fließt das Geld aus dem EU-Haushalt? Nettozahler und Nettoempfänger in der EU, IW-Report, Nr. 48, Köln
Zur Studie

Beznoska, Martin / Kauder, Björn / Wendland, Finn Arnd, 2023, Ausbau der erneuerbaren Energien in Kommunen. Einflussfaktoren der dezentralen Energiewende in Nordrhein-Westfalen, in: IW-Trends, 49. Jg., Nr. 4/2022, S. 107-128
Zur Studie

Bardt, Hubertus/ Demary, Markus / Grömling, Michael / Hüther, Michael / Kauder, Björn / Obst, Thomas / Puls, Thomas / Schaefer, Thilo / Schäfer, Holger, 2022, IW-Konjunkturprognose Winter 2022. Konjunktur in der Grauzone, IW-Report, Nr. 67, Berlin / Köln
Zur Studie

Busch, Berthold / Kauder, Björn / Sultan, Samina, 2022, Wer finanziert die EU? Nettozahler und Nettoempfänger in der EU, IW-Report, Nr. 55, Köln
Zur Studie

Kauder, Björn, 2022, Prägen Familienunternehmen das politische Wahlverhalten in Deutschland?, in: IW-Trends, 49. Jg., Nr. 3, S. 25-43
Zur Studie

Busch, Berthold / Kauder, Björn, 2022, Braucht die EU neue Eigenmittel?, IW-Report, Nr. 3, Köln
Zur Studie

Kauder, Björn, 2021, Wie entwickeln sich die Staatsschulden in den südlichen EU-Mitgliedstaaten?, in: IW-Trends, 48. Jg., Nr. 4, S. 79-98
Zur Studie

External Publications

Matthes, Jürgen / Grömling, Michael / Demary, Markus / Kauder, Björn / Busch, Berthold / Kunath, Gero / Obst, Thomas, 2023, Why Price Stability Matters, Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies, Brussels, 83 Seiten
Zur Studie

Matthes, Jürgen / Kauder, Björn / Sultan, Samina, 2023, Reforming Economic and Monetary Union. Balancing Spending and Public Debt Sustainability, in: Martens Centre for European Studies, Policy Brief, June 2023, Brussels / Cologne
Zur Studie

Kauder, Björn / Potrafke, Niklas, 2022, Rewarding conservative politicians?. Evidence from voting on same-sex marriage, in: Public Choice, Heft 191, Seite 161-172
Zur Studie

Articles in refereed journals

(in cooperation with Martin Beznoska)
Verschuldung und Investitionsschwäche der Kommunen – Dynamiken der Kommunalfinanzen am Beispiel Nordrhein-Westfalens
Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, im Erscheinen

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Conservative Politicians and Voting on Same-sex Marriage
German Economic Review, 20. Jg., Nr. 4, 2019, S. e600-e617

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Heinrich W. Ursprung)
Behavioral Determinants of Proclaimed Support for Environment Protection Policies
European Journal of Political Economy, 54. Jg., 2018, S. 26–41

(in cooperation with Manuela Krause und Niklas Potrafke)
Electoral Cycles in MPs' Salaries: Evidence from the German States
International Tax and Public Finance, 25. Jg., Nr. 4, 2018, S. 981–1000

(in cooperation with Marina Riem und Niklas Potrafke)
Do Parties Punish MPs for Voting Against the Party Line?
CESifo Economic Studies, 63. Jg., Nr. 3, 2017, S. 317–332

(in cooperation with Chiara Dalle Nogare)
Term Limits and Intergovernmental Grants: Evidence from Italian Cities
Regional Science and Urban Economics, 64. Jg., 2017, S. 1–11

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Christoph Schinke)
Manipulating Fiscal Forecasts: Evidence from the German States
FinanzArchiv/Public Finance Analysis, 73. Jg., 2017, S. 213–236

(in cooperation with Mira Fischer, Niklas Potrafke und Heinrich W. Ursprung)
Support for Free-Market Policies and Reforms: Does the Field of Study Influence Students' Political Attitudes?
European Journal of Political Economy, 48. Jg., 2017, S. 180–197

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Markus Reischmann)
Do Politicians Reward Core Supporters? Evidence from a Discretionary Grant Program
European Journal of Political Economy, 45. Jg., 2016, S. 39–56

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
The Growth in Military Expenditure in Germany 1951-2011: Did Parties Matter?
Defence and Peace Economics, 27. Jg., Nr. 4, 2016, S. 503–519

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Supermajorities and Political Rent Extraction
Kyklos, 68. Jg., Nr. 1, 2016, S. 65–81

Incorporation of Municipalities and Population Growth: A Propensity Score Matching Approach
Papers in Regional Science, 95. Jg., Nr. 3, 2016, S. 539–554

Spatial Administrative Structure and Intra-Metropolitan Tax Competition
Journal of Regional Science, 55. Jg., Nr. 4, 2015, S. 626–643

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Globalization and Social Justice in OECD Countries
Review of World Economics/Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 151. Jg., Nr. 2, 2015, S. 353–376

(in cooperation with Thiess Büttner)
Political Biases despite External Expert Participation? An Empirical Analysis of Tax Revenue Forecasts in Germany
Public Choice, 164. Jg., Nr. 3–4, 2015, S. 287–307

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Just Hire your Spouse! Evidence from a Political Scandal in Bavaria
European Journal of Political Economy, 38. Jg., 2015, S. 42–54

(in cooperation with Felix Arnold und Niklas Potrafke)
Outside Earnings, Absence, and Activity: Evidence from German Parliamentarians
European Journal of Political Economy, 36. Jg., 2014, S. 147–157

(in cooperation with Benjamin Larin und Niklas Potrafke)
Was bringt uns die große Koalition? Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik
Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, 15. Jg., Nr. 1, 2014, S. 88–101

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Government Ideology and Tuition Fee Policy: Evidence from the German States
CESifo Economic Studies, 59. Jg., Nr. 4, 2013, S. 628–649

(in cooperation with Thiess Büttner)
Revenue Forecasting Practices: Differences across Countries and Consequences for Forecasting Performance
Fiscal Studies, 31. Jg., Nr. 3, 2010, S. 313–340


Articles in non-referenced journals

(in cooperation with Johannes Blum, Anna Dudel, Manuela Krause und Niklas Potrafke)
Reformvorschläge zur Eurozone – eine gemeinsame europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung als Lösung?
ifo Schnelldienst, 72. Jg., Nr. 2, 2019, S. 55–61

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Warum stimmen Unionsabgeordnete für die Ehe für alle? Es ist die Konkurrenz im Wahlkreis!
ifo Schnelldienst, 71. Jg., Nr. 24, 2018, S. 26–27

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Stefanie Gäbler, Manuela Krause, Luisa Lorenz, Martin Mosler und Niklas Potrafke)
Eine Reform der Eurozone – Diskussion und Bewertung der Vorschläge
ifo Schnelldienst, 71. Jg., Nr. 11, 2018, S. 48–52

(in cooperation with Gert G. Wagner, Ruben Arslan, Florian Dorn, Stefanie Gäbler, Florian Griese, Ralph Hertwig, Manuela Krause, Luisa Lorenz, Martin Mosler und Niklas Potrafke)
Risikoeinschätzungen von Ökonomen
ifo Schnelldienst, 71. Jg., Nr. 7, 2018, S. 61–64

(in cooperation with Stefanie Gäbler, Manuela Krause, Luisa Lorenz und Niklas Potrafke)
Auf der Suche nach einer Regierung – zu den Ergebnissen der Sondierungsgespräche zwischen CDU/CSU und SPD
ifo Schnelldienst, 71. Jg., Nr. 5, 2018, S. 30–34

(in cooperation with Manuela Krause und Niklas Potrafke)
Haben sich Landespolitiker ihre Diäten aus wahltaktischen Gründen lieber nach als vor den Wahlen erhöht?
ifo Schnelldienst, 71. Jg., Nr. 2, 2018, S. 21–24

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Clemens Fuest, Luisa Lorenz, Martin Mosler und Niklas Potrafke)
How Bracket Creep Creates Hidden Tax Increases: Evidence from Germany
ifo DICE Report, 15. Jg., Nr. 4, 2017, S. 34–39

(in cooperation with Dorine Boumans, Florian Dorn, Stefanie Gäbler, Manuela Krause, Andreas Peichl und Niklas Potrafke)
Ein Jahr nach der Wahl: Welche Auswirkungen hat die Präsidentschaft Trumps auf Wirtschaft und Politik?
ifo Schnelldienst, 70. Jg., Nr. 23, 2017, S. 35–41

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Stefanie Gäbler, Manuela Krause, Luisa Lorenz, Niklas Potrafke und Alexander van Roessel)
Der Arbeitsmarkt in Deutschland – ist eine Reform der Agenda 2010 notwendig?
ifo Schnelldienst, 70. Jg., Nr. 21, 2017, S. 32–37

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Stefanie Gäbler, Manuela Krause, Luisa Lorenz, Niklas Potrafke und Alexander van Roessel)
Demokratische Vielfalt in Deutschland – unterscheiden sich die Volksparteien noch?
ifo Schnelldienst, 70. Jg.; Nr. 20, 2017, S. 28–37

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Stefanie Gäbler, Manuela Krause, Luisa Lorenz und Niklas Potrafke)
Einkommensteuer in Deutschland – besteht eine Reformnotwendigkeit?
ifo Schnelldienst, 70. Jg., Nr. 15, 2017, S. 31–37

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Gibt es Schelte für Bundestagsabgeordnete, die nicht mit ihrer eigenen Partei stimmen?
ifo Schnelldienst, 70. Jg., Nr. 12, 2017, S. 26–29

(in cooperation with Clemens Fuest und Niklas Potrafke)
Entlastungen bei der Einkommensteuer möglich
Wirtschaftsdienst: Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik, 97. Jg., Nr. 6, 2017, S. 388–391

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Clemens Fuest, Fabian Häring, Luisa Lorenz und Martin Mosler)
Die Beseitigung des Mittelstandsbauchs – Reformoptionen zur Einkommensteuer und ihre fiskalischen Kosten
ifo Schnelldienst, 70. Jg., Nr. 9, 2017, S. 31–38

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke, Fabian Ruthardt und Christoph Schinke)
Beschönigen Landesregierungen fiskalische Kennziffern?
ifo Schnelldienst, 70. Jg., Nr. 6, 2017, S. 36–40

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Clemens Fuest, Luisa Lorenz, Martin Mosler und Niklas Potrafke)
Die Kalte Progression – Verteilungswirkungen eines Einkommensteuertarifs auf Rädern
ifo Schnelldienst, 70. Jg., Nr. 3, 2017, S. 28–39

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Clemens Fuest, Luisa Lorenz, Martin Mosler und Niklas Potrafke)
Steuererhöhungen durch die Hintertür – fiskalische Aufkommenswirkungen der Kalten Progression
ifo Schnelldienst, 70. Jg., Nr. 2, 2017, S. 51–58

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Manuela Krause und Niklas Potrafke)
Die Erbschaftsteuer in Deutschland – Reformbedarf und Reformkompromiss
ifo Schnelldienst, 70. Jg., Nr. 1, 2017, S. 33–40

(in cooperation with Kristin Fischer und Niklas Potrafke)
Beeinflusst das Studienfach die politische Einstellung von Studierenden?
ifo Schnelldienst, 69. Jg., Nr. 15, 2016, S. 17–24

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Alexander Stecher)
Stell doch einfach Deine Frau an! Die Verwandtenaffäre in Bayern – der Untersuchung zweiter Teil
ifo Schnelldienst, 68. Jg., Nr. 20, 2015, S. 20–24

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Simone Winterer)
Das Wachstum der Verteidigungsausgaben in Deutschland (1951–2011): Welchen Einfluss haben die Parteien?
ifo Schnelldienst, 68. Jg., Nr. 10, 2015, S. 19–26

(in cooperation with Luisa Lorenz und Niklas Potrafke)
Globalisierung und soziale Gerechtigkeit in OECD-Ländern
ifo Schnelldienst, 68. Jg., Nr. 4, 2015, S. 21–26

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Leonard Thielmann)
Stell doch einfach Deine Frau ein! Untersuchung der Verwandtenaffäre in Bayern
ifo Schnelldienst, 68. Jg., Nr. 1, 2015, S. 50–55

(in cooperation with Felix Arnold und Niklas Potrafke)
Beeinträchtigen Nebeneinkünfte die politischen Tätigkeiten von Bundestagsabgeordneten?
ifo Schnelldienst, 67. Jg. Nr. 18, 2014, S. 34–39

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Regierungsideologie und Studiengebühren in den deutschen Bundesländern
ifo Schnelldienst, 66. Jg., Nr. 10, 2013, S. 19–24

(in cooperation with Thiess Büttner)
Steuerschätzung im internationalen Vergleich
ifo Schnelldienst, 61. Jg., Nr. 14, 2008, S. 29–35


Contributions to collected works

(in cooperation with Thiess Büttner)
Steuerschätzung im internationalen Vergleich
Bundesministerium der Finanzen (Hrsg.), Monatsbericht, 2008, S. 55–65


Monographs (autorship)

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Stefanie Gäbler, Manuela Krause, Luisa Lorenz, Martin Mosler und Niklas Potrafke)
Die Zusammensetzung des öffentlichen Budgets in Deutschland
ifo Forschungsberichte, Nr. 95, 2018

(in cooperation with Clemens Fuest, Stefanie Gäbler, Luisa Lorenz und Martin Mosler)
Reform der Einkommensteuer: Vorschläge für einen „Niedersachsen-Tarif“
ifo Forschungsberichte, Nr. 82, 2017

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Clemens Fuest, Luisa Lorenz und Martin Mosler)
Die Beseitigung des Mittelstandsbauchs – Varianten und Kosten
ifo Forschungsberichte, Nr. 77, 2016

(in cooperation with Florian Dorn, Clemens Fuest, Luisa Lorenz, Martin Mosler und Niklas Potrafke)
Heimliche Steuererhöhungen – Belastungswirkungen der Kalten Progression und Entlastungswirkungen eines Einkommensteuertarifs auf Rädern
ifo Forschungsberichte, Nr. 76, 2016

(in cooperation with Thiess Büttner, Anja Hönig, Manuela Krause, Niklas Potrafke und Marina Riem)
Rahmenbedingungen für mehr Investitionen
IMPULS-Stiftung (VDMA), 2015

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke, Markus Reischmann, Marina Riem, Christoph Schinke, Marvin Fandrei und Alexander Schwemmer)
Die Auswirkungen der Erbschaftsteuer auf Familienunternehmen
Stiftung Familienunternehmen, München, 2014

(in cooperation with Thiess Büttner, Alexander Ebertz und Markus Reischmann)
Finanzwissenschaftliche Begutachtung des kommunalen Finanzausgleichs in Rheinland-Pfalz
ifo Forschungsberichte, Nr. 58, 2013

Institutions and Public Sector Performance: Empirical Analyses of Revenue Forecasting and Spatial Administrative Structures
Inaugural-Dissertation, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2011

(in cooperation with Thiess Büttner, Petra Enß, Nadine Fabritz, Johannes Meya und Robert Schwager)
Die Reform des kommunalen Finanzausgleichs und der Kreisstruktur in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: Eine finanzwissenschaftliche Analyse der Auswirkungen auf Landkreise, Städte und Gemeinden
ifo Forschungsberichte, Nr. 54, 2011

(in cooperation with Thiess Büttner)
Wettbewerbsposition der Stadt Frankfurt im Verhältnis zum Umland
ifo Forschungsberichte, Nr. 48, 2010

(in cooperation with Thiess Büttner)
Methoden der Steuerschätzung im internationalen Vergleich
ifo Forschungsberichte, Nr. 44, 2008


Working Papers

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Heinrich Ursprung)
Behavioral Determinants of Proclaimed Support for Environment Protection Policies
ifo Working Paper, Nr. 254, Februar, 2018

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Conservative Politicians and Voting on Same-Sex Marriage
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 6706, Oktober, 2017

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Marina Riem)
Do Parties Punish MPs for Voting Against the Party Line?
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 6503, Mai, 2017

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Christoph Schinke)
Manipulating Fiscal Forecasts: Evidence from the German States
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 6310, Januar, 2017

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Markus Reischmann)
Do Politicians Reward Core Supporters? Evidence from a Discretionary Grant Program
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 6097, September, 2016

(in cooperation with Manuela Krause und Niklas Potrafke)
Electoral Cycles in MPs' Salaries: Evidence from the German States
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 6028, August, 2016

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke und Heinrich Ursprung)
Behavioral Determinants of Proclaimed Support for Environment Protection Policies
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 5993, Juli, 2016

(in cooperation with Mira Fischer, Niklas Potrafke und Heinrich W. Ursprung)
Support for Free-Market Policies and Reforms: Does the Field of Study Influence Students' Political Attitudes?
ifo Working Paper, Nr. 218, 2016

(in cooperation with Mira Fischer, Niklas Potrafke und Heinrich Ursprung)
Does the Field of Study Influence Students' Political Attitudes?
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 5545, Oktober, 2015

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Supermajorities and Political Rent Extraction
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 5512, September, 2015

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
The Growth in Military Expenditure in Germany 1951-2011: Did Parties Matter?
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 5337, April, 2015

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Globalization and Social Justice in OECD Countries
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 5210, Februar, 2015

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Just Hire your Spouse! Evidence from a Political Scandal in Bavaria
ifo Working Paper, Nr. 194, 2014

Spatial Administrative Structure and Intra-Metropolitan Tax Competition
ifo Working Paper, Nr. 191, 2014

Incorporation of Municipalities and Population Growth – A Propensity Score Matching Approach
ifo Working Paper, Nr. 188, 2014

(in cooperation with Felix Arnold und Niklas Potrafke)
Outside Earnings, Absence, and Activity: Evidence from Germany Parliamentarians
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 4900, Juli, 2014

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Just Hire your Spouse! Evidence from a Political Scandal in Bavaria
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 4813, Mai, 2014

(in cooperation with Benjamin Larin und Niklas Potrafke)
Was bringt uns die große Koalition? Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik
ifo Working Paper, Nr. 172, 2014

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Government Ideology and Tuition Fee Policy: Evidence from the German States
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 4205, April, 2013

(in cooperation with Niklas Potrafke)
Government Ideology and Tuition Fee Policy: Evidence from the German States
ifo Working Paper, Nr. 159, 2013

(in cooperation with Thiess Büttner)
Revenue Forecasting Practices: Differences across Countries and Consequences for Forecasting Performance
CESifo Working Paper, Nr. 2628, April, 2009

More from Dr. Björn Kauder

Read study
Net contributors and net recipients in the EU
IW-Report No. 48 28. September 2023

Where does the money from the EU budget go?: Net contributors and net recipients in the EU

Berthold Busch / Björn Kauder / Samina Sultan

Germany's net position in 2022 is slightly down on the previous year, from €21.4 billion to €19.7 billion euros, but it is still significantly higher than in the pre-Brexit period. On average for 2014 to 2020, the last Multiannual Financial Framework, it was €13.5 billion euros.

IW

Read study
External Publication
Balancing Spending and Public Debt Sustainability
External Publication 5. June 2023

Reforming Economic and Monetary Union: Balancing Spending and Public Debt Sustainability

Jürgen Matthes / Björn Kauder / Samina Sultan in Martens Centre for European Studies

Fiscal policy in the EU faces the dilemma of having to meet large spending needs despite the existence of elevated public debt ratios. Fiscal policy therefore needs to put the member states on a sustainable path to gradual debt reduction.

IW

Read study
Factors Influencing the Decentralised Energy Transition in North Rhine-Westphalia
IW-Trends No. 4 25. January 2023

Factors Influencing the Decentralised Energy Transition in North Rhine-Westphalia

Martin Beznoska / Björn Kauder / Finn Arnd Wendland

North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), the most populous of Germany’s sixteen states and an industrial heartland, is a particular focus of the energy transition. Despite considerable progress in expanding the use of renewable energy, NRW still lags far behind other German states.

IW

Read study
Net contributors and net recipients in the EU
IW-Report No. 55 2. November 2022

Who finances the EU?: Net contributors and net recipients in the EU

Berthold Busch / Björn Kauder / Samina Sultan

The European Union finances its budget largely from contributions by the Member States. Since, in turn, substantial payments are made in the Member States via the expenditures of the EU budget, this results in net positions for the individual countries vis-à-vis the EU budget.

IW

Read study
Do Family Businesses Shape Political Voting Behaviour in Germany?
IW-Trends No. 3 1. July 2022

Do Family Businesses Shape Political Voting Behaviour in Germany?

Björn Kauder

In recent years family businesses have become an object of research in their own right. Indeed, it has been shown that, far from developing less dynamically than other firms, as once assumed, family businesses actually outperform their peers.

IW

Read study
External Publication
Evidence from voting on same-sex marriage
External Publication 10. May 2022

Rewarding conservative politicians?: Evidence from voting on same-sex marriage

Björn Kauder / Niklas Potrafke in Public Choice

We ask whether voters rewarded conservative politicians who voted in favor of same-sex marriage. The evidence is based on a rollcall vote in the German national parliament (Bundestag) in June 2017.

IW

Read study
Does the EU need new own resources?
IW-Report No. 3 19. January 2022

Does the EU need new own resources?

Berthold Busch / Björn Kauder

The European Union will incur a large amount of debt to finance the Next Generation EU Programme. The repayment of this debt is expected to last until 2058.

IW

Read study
How is Public Debt Developing in the Southern EU Member States?
IW-Trends No. 4 31. December 2021

How is Public Debt Developing in the Southern EU Member States?

Björn Kauder

Especially in Southern Europe, public debt is missing the targets of the European Stability and Growth Pact by wide margins, leading to concern about the sustainability of public finances.

IW

Read study
Stocktaking and Proposals for More Fiscal Discipline in Europe
IW-Analyse No. 142 3. March 2021

On Reforming the Stability and Growth Pact

Berthold Busch / Björn Kauder

The member states of the Eurozone are countering the economic impact of the Covid 19 pandemic with heavy spending. In response to this exceptional situation the rules of the Stability and Growth Pact have been temporarily suspended.

IW

Read study
Investment, Human Capital and Growth Effects of Public Spending
IW-Policy Paper No. 2 3. February 2021

Investment, Human Capital and Growth Effects of Public Spending

Martin Beznoska / Björn Kauder / Thomas Obst

Unlike public sector consumption, public investment is often regarded as contributing to growth. Yet while spending on "intangible" goods such as education does not count as investment, even though it is potentially growth-enhancing, expenditure with little to no effect on growth often does.

IW

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