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On average the German and Italian industry display a very similar intermediate input dependence on China, whether accounting for domestic inputs or not.

Samina Sultan at IEP@BU Policy Brief IW

Leadership dynamics in companies are subject to constant change in order to meet the challenges of their time. Today, the greatest influences result from developments such as demographic change, globalization, individualization, structural change and technologization in the economy.

Lena Suling / Julia Wildner IW

China’s merchandise trade surplus has reached an all-time high and is likely to rise further. A key driver appears to be a policy push to further bolster Chinese domestic manufacturing production, implying the danger of significant overcapacities.

Jürgen Matthes in Intereconomics IW

Despite certain changes, German import dependencies on China remained at a similar level overall in 2023 as in the previous year in the overall picture. This means that de-risking on the import side can only be recognised to a limited extent.

Jürgen Matthes IW

Ursula von der Leyen was elected President of the European Commission by the European Parliament in July 2019. She assumed office in November 2019 and unveiled the European Green Deal in December 2019 (European Commission, 2023a) as a focal point of European politics.

Christian Rusche / Thilo Schaefer in Intereconomics IW